表贴式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制变幅值预测控制研究

基于以电压矢量幅值为变量的表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)磁链和转矩方程,采用预测控制计算得出施加不同电压矢量幅值的下一时刻磁链和转矩值,选择使磁链和转矩误差目标函数最小的电压矢量幅值作为最优值,从而确定下一时刻施加的电压矢量。仿真结果表明:在电压矢量变幅值预测下,SPMSM直接转矩控制(DTC)系统运行良好,定子磁链轨迹为理想圆,磁链和转矩均符合控制要求,转速跟踪良好,定子电流波形正弦。预测控制需要从备选电压矢量幅值集合中选择最优幅值。理论上,备选电压矢量幅值个数越多,系统优化效果越好,但也带来更大的计算负担。研究了9种等分电压矢量情况下变幅值预测控制系统的控制效果。根据控制效果和计算负担,提出变幅值预测控制将电压矢量幅值三等分较为理想。     

Electrochemical micromachining of micro-dimple arrays on cylindrical inner surfaces using a dry-film photoresist

The application of surface textures has been employed to improve the tribological performance of various mechanical components. Various techniques have been used for the application of surface textures such as micro-dimple arrays, but the fabrication of such arrays on cylindrical inner surfaces remains a challenge. In this study, a dry-film photoresist is used as a mask during through-mask electrochemical micromachining to successfully prepare micro-dimple arrays with dimples 94 lm in diameter and 22.7 lm deep on cylindrical inner surfaces, with a machining time of 9 s and an applied voltage of 8 V. The versatility of this method is demonstrated, as are its potential low cost and high efficiency. It is also shown that for a fixed dimple depth, a smaller dimple diameter can be obtained using a combination of lower current density and longer machining time in a passivating sodium nitrate electrolyte.     

ZL205A合金舱体低压工艺设计及数值仿真应用

针对某ZL205A合金舱体铸件壁薄难充型、壁厚差异大、易产生裂纹等特点,设计了低压底注式浇注工艺。采用立筒缝隙式浇注系统分配充型过程中合金的流量,局部厚大部位放置成形冷铁加快该部位的冷却速度,以控制铸造缺陷的产生。利用ProCast数值仿真软件对工艺进行仿真计算,成功预测了缺陷的产生位置,对工艺方案进行优化,包括倒角过渡、改变型砂使用等,并在优化方案的基础上浇注了舱体铸件,铸件质量良好,没有缩松、缩孔、裂纹等缺陷,符合相关技术要求。     

三维攻击角度约束部分制导控制一体化设计

针对侧滑转弯(STT)导弹带有攻击角度约束的机动目标拦截问题，提出一种基于自适应终端滑模动态面控制的三维部分制导控制一体化(PIGC)设计方法。首先，建立了针对机动目标拦截的侧滑转弯导弹三维部分制导控制一体化设计模型，且不需要导弹速度微分体轴系分量信息。然后，使用终端滑模控制理论构建误差向量与虚拟控制量，达成精确拦截与攻击角度约束的控制目的；引入有限时间非线性收敛扩张状态观测器(ESO)来在线估计系统不确定性；设计自适应算子与自适应更新律对观测器的估计误差进行补偿，以提高方法的鲁棒性。最后，三维空间拦截仿真校验了方法在提高拦截精度与增强角度约束收敛性能的有效性。     

热障涂层表面裂纹水浸超声检测

为有效检测热障涂层(TBCs)表面裂纹,进行了热障涂层表面裂纹水浸超声检测技术的应用研究。以常用的大气等离子喷涂(APS)热障涂层作为试验材料,采用水浸超声检测回波声程差和C扫描图像对不同深度、宽度和长度的热障涂层表面裂纹进行了表征。结果表明:热障涂层基体材料对热障涂层表面裂纹的检测效果无明显影响;通过优化检测参数和合理选用仪器探头,利用水浸超声方法可实现对热障涂层表面深度为0.1 mm、长度为2 mm裂纹的有效检测;水浸超声检测技术可以获得裂纹的长度、深度参数,是解决热障涂层表面裂纹检测问题的有效方法。      

Modeling the effects of green alternative on heat island mitigation of a meso level town,West Bengal,India

Urban heat island (UHI) is emerged as a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the outdoor thermal comfort. Hence urban microclimatic studies using numeric simulation software to find out adaption strategies are attracting the great attention of researchers and policymaker. Number of scientists carried out their research on this topic using different tools and technique whereas ENVI-met model is the most widely used simulation tools. The present study intended to examine the implication of green infrastructure of the town on enhanced microclimatic condition and to evaluate the best suitable mitigation strategy modelling cool city with ENVI-met software (V4). Five greening condition such as existing UHI condition (C1), 100% greening of roof (C2), 100% greening of roof and walls (C3), 50% greening of roof and walls (C4) and: Plantation at suitable area with 50% greening of roof and walls (C5) have been taken into consideration for the microclimate simulation for all three selected sites. Among these five conditions, C3 for the open mid-rise and compact low-rise, C5 for the open low-rise are identified as one of the most suitable strategies which can reduce the air temperature of peak hours by 2.6 °C, 1.33 °C and 1.87 °C respectively. These models are validated by simple linear regression between simulated and existing air temperature in case of existing UHI condition (C1) and in all the cases coefficient of determination value is high such as for open mid-rise, compact low-rise and open low-rise, it is 0.92, 0.92 and 0.75 respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the application of those strategies can improve the urban thermal environment as well as the outdoor thermal comfort of English bazaar Town and its surroundings.     

机载移动端场面引导软件设计与仿真研究

为了减轻飞行员在繁忙机场场面运行的工作负荷，提升场面运行安全与效率，设计了一种基于移 动电子设备运行的场面引导软件。其采用可扩展架构和模块化功能设计，通过无线通信网络与综合场面监视系 统交联，实现场面引导功能。仿真测试表明，机载移动端场面引导软件能够为飞机在场面滑行操作提供路径引 导信息和冲突告警提示，可提升运行效率和安全性，具有一定的使用价值。     

月球表层采样样品智能确认方法

表层采样是月球采样探测的重要方式，样品智能确认有助于提升工作效率与复杂问题处理能力。结合月球表层采样铲挖工作过程，分析了铲挖过程中臂载相机图像的特点，模仿有人参与识别过程，提出了层次解耦的月球样品智能识别流程，利用深度学习方法构建了一类深度卷积识别网络，完整地描述了图像、特征、标记在网络中的正反传递关系，并在月球表层采样地面试验中进行了验证，结果表明该方法对不同光照、不同背景、不同过程、不同形态的样品，具有较好的泛化识别能力，误识别率优于8.1%，平均单幅识别时间约0.7 s。     

星载相控阵GNSS-R测高系统设计与实验

星载GNSS-R测高系统采用多波束相控阵天线和干涉互相关处理方式,接收北斗导航卫星和GPS导航卫星发射的L波段导航直射信号与海面反射信号,进行海面高度探测。详细介绍GNSS-R测高系统设计与实现、集成和外场试验等,外场试验不仅验证了相控阵GNSS-R测高系统功能,更重要的是验证了核心软件算法的正确性。GNSS-R测高系统适用于中尺度海洋现象的观测,可在时间和空间尺度上扩展雷达高度计的观测能力,并与之相互补充,有利于对复杂海面的中尺度结构进行较高时间分辨率的观测。GNSS-R测高仪为星载高精度海面高度探测提供了新型载荷。     

SMOS与Aquarius卫星海表盐度测量方法及数据的对比分析

国际上发射的海表盐度遥感卫星主要有2颗:欧洲的SMOS和美国的Aquarius卫星,为给后续海表盐度遥感提供参考借鉴,对比分析了这2颗卫星的遥感器载荷、数据处理算法和盐度数据。遥感器载荷方面,SMOS采用L波段二维综合孔径辐射计,而Aquarius采用L波段实孔径辐射计加散射计;数据处理算法方面,分析了二者在介电常数模型、海面粗糙度校正以及反演算法方面的差异;盐度数据方面,分析了SMOS与Aquarius盐度数据之间的相关程度,并分别与ISAS(In Situ Analysis System)浮标盐度数据作对比,分析了2颗卫星的盐度数据精度。将2颗卫星的盐度遥感数据与ISAS浮标盐度数据对比发现,在全球范围内,Aquarius盐度测量精度优于SMOS;但在开阔海域,SMOS盐度测量精度优于Aquarius;而在近海岸区域,均出现较大的误差,且SMOS数据误差更大。